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Localization
The transfer or development of economic, industrial, or service activities within the country using local resources to achieve self-sufficiency and strengthen the local economy.
Cash Flow Forecasting
A financial model through which an estimation of future cash flows (in and out) is made to determine the need for financing in the event of a deficit or investing surpluses.
Adjustable Payment (AP) Table
A schedule outlining changes in loan payments based on interest rate adjustments.
Bidding Condition
The status of the registered competition through the Etimad platform such as (under Under processing or approved).
Global Economic Uncertainty
Unpredictability in the global economy due to factors like crises, policy changes, or geopolitical tensions.
Up to Date Reservations of Contracts (YTD)
Existing commitments from the letter of credits in order to pay for the contracts.
Overdraft Protection
A service preventing transactions from exceeding the account balance to avoid fees.
Income
The total amount that a person earns from the work or activity he practices in accordance with the rules and provisions contained in the income tax law and its implementing regulation.
Payment Plan for a Specified Year
The total of retainages of financial credits and provision during a specified year.
Internal Control
The mechanisms, rules, and procedures implemented by the entity to ensure achievement of its strategic and operational objectives, accuracy of reports, and compliance with rules and regulations.
Economic Recession
A significant and widespread decline in economic activity over an extended period of time, often marked by a decrease in Gross Domestic Product (GDP), rising unemployment, and reduced consumer spending.
Callable Bond
A bond that the issuer can redeem before its maturity date at a predetermined price.
Convertible Bond to Shares
A bond that can be converted into a predetermined number of shares of the issuing company.
Inflation Related Bonds
A bond whose interest payments and principal are adjusted based on inflation, protecting investors from inflation risk.
Bond Market
A financial market where investors trade debt securities issued by governments and corporations.
Expected Liquidity
The anticipated ability of financial assets or investments to be converted into cash during the forthcoming period
Legal Person
A company or other entity that has legal personality under the KSA Companies Law. A natural person is not regarded as a legal person, and a legal person does not include joint venture companies as defined in the KSA Companies’ Law.
Closed-Ended Investment Traded Fund
An investment fund that is established with a fixed number of shares, whose units are traded on the Main Market or the Parallel Market.
Hedge Fund
A pooled investment fund that uses advanced strategies to maximize returns.
Preventive Maintenance
A type of asset maintenance based on planned or program-specified maintenance, scheduled for execution at predetermined time intervals.
Withholding Tax
A tax imposed on specific types of income, such as salaries and wages, dividends from stocks and bonds, etc., and is withheld by the entity paying the income (such as an employer, bank, or tenant) before the net amount is delivered to the beneficiary.
Exchange Traded Fund
An index fund that tracks a specific index or a portfolio of assets, whose units are traded on the Main Market or the Parallel Market.
Weakness
Weakness in computer systems, software, or procedures exposing them to cybersecurity threats.
Primary Guarantee
A guarantee submitted by the contractor or supplier to assure the government entity his seriousness to do the project or the work.
Return to Maturity (RTM)
The total return expected on a bond if held until maturity.
Macroeconomic Factor
Large-scale economic factors like inflation, unemployment, and GDP growth that affect the overall economy.
Current Account Deficit
A situation where a country's total imports of goods, services, and transfers exceed its total exports.
Forward Contract
A financial agreement to buy or sell an asset at a set price on a future date.
Money Supply (M3)
Currency in circulation outside banks plus demand deposits + time and savings deposits + other quasi-monetary deposits.
Murabaha Contract
A type of Islamic finance, also known as cost-plus financing, in which the seller and the buyer agree on the cost and profits of the material asset.
Continuing Implementation Contracts
Continuing contract is a contract calling for periodic such as operating, maintenance, fuel and subsistence contracts.
Risk Premium
An additional return that investors require above the risk-free rate to compensate them for more risky investments.
Surplus
An excess or positive balance of resources, assets, or funds beyond what is needed to meet immediate obligations or requirements.
Money Laundering
The process of disguising illegally obtained money as legitimate funds.
Grace/ Allowing Period
A specific timeframe during which a borrower is granted an extension or delay in making a scheduled payment, often without incurring penalties or additional interest charges.
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