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Financial and Economic Dictionary

A collaborative initiative uniting 11 partners from the government sector, this dictionary is built to serve as a unified reference and vital knowledge hub for specialists and enthusiasts alike. It aims to enhance financial literacy, support the Kingdom's development process in light of Saudi Vision 2030, at a time when terminology is no longer just a linguistic tool, but have become pillars of knowledge on which policies are built, legislation is formulated, and dialogue between specialists, decision-makers and relevant authorities in the financial sector is managed.

Your gateway to comprehensive financial knowledge with more than 2000 financial and economic terms

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أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي

Most searched terms

Service Recovery

The process of handling and resolving beneficiaries' complaints or problems to restore their satisfaction.

Double Taxation Agreement

An international agreement with the purposes of avoiding double taxation and charging a taxpayer with double taxation in two contracting countries for the same income, profits, or evasion of income, and capital tax.

Sale Agency Agreement

A legal contract between a seller and an agency or representative, outlining the terms and conditions for the sale of products or services.

Technical Procedures

The mechanisms relevant to listing and trading securities to execute transactions including settlement, clearing, ownership registration, transfer and deposit of securities.

Fraud

The act of deceiving or manipulating information, assets, or processes with the intent to gain an unfair advantage, often resulting in financial losses or legal consequences.

Kyoto Convention (Customs)

The expression commonly used to denote the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures, adopted by the Customs Cooperation Council in Kyoto in 1973.

Customs Formalities

All the operations which must be carried out by the persons concerned and by the Customs in order to comply with the Customs law.

Business Procedures

Standardized processes that organizations follow to ensure efficiency, consistency, and compliance.

Corporate Actions

Actions taken by an issuer which lead to increasing or decreasing the number of its securities or changing its nominal value including, for example, increasing or decreasing its capital.

Insignificant Probability

An event or outcome is highly unlikely to occur or has a very low chance of happening.

Ehkaam

Sector of Private Properties Affairs in the State Properties General Authority.

Transitional Rules

A set of statutory provisions that provide specific exceptions that are applied during the transitional period resulting from the issuance or amendment of any of the laws, regulations, tax or zakat instructions.

Black-Box Testing

A method of software testing examining functionality without looking at internal structures.

Emotional Experience Management

The systematic, strategic approach to understanding, measuring, and influencing the experiences and emotional responses of beneficiaries or employees.

Quality Management

A comprehensive approach to overseeing and improving the quality of products and services in an organization, often associated with ISO standards.

Private Sector Performance

The assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of privately owned economic institutions in achieving economic goals such as profits, growth, and job creation, including indicators such as efficiency, productivity, and growth rates.

Industrial Technology Department

A department focused on advancing technologies for industrial processes and manufacturing.

Customer Experience Management

Managing the experience by designing and responding to customers’ interactions to meet or exceed their expectations.

Digital Intelligence Instruments

Comprehensive solutions that provide organizations with tools and capabilities to collect, analyze, and derive insights from digital customer data across various channels and touchpoints.

Sector Growth Sustainability

The ability of an industry to grow consistently without depleting resources or harming the economy.

Qualified Dividend

A type of dividend income that receives favorable tax treatment, often subject to a lower tax rate than ordinary dividends.

Systemic Banking Crisis

A financial crisis that affects the entire banking system, often leading to widespread instability and the need for government intervention.

Appeal

The person against whom a decision or ruling has been issued must file a grievance before the Tax Violations and Disputes Resolution Committee or the competent judicial authority within the specified period.

Socially Responsible Investment (SRI)

Investing in companies that align with ethical, environmental, or social values.

Impact Investment

Investments made with the intention to generate positive social or environmental impact alongside financial returns.

Government Investments

Funds allocated by the government to invest in various projects, industries, or assets, which can contribute to the country's financial well-being.

Risk Response

A process through which actions are identified to improve opportunities and mitigate threats to an organization. This is done by avoiding, transferring, or accepting risks.

Private Transaction

A transaction involving the sale and purchase of shares of a company whose shares are listed on the market through a special offer or sale and purchase deal.

Reverse Takeover

An arrangement where a listed company makes an offer of new shares in itself to the shareholders of an unlisted company in exchange for their shares and theses new shares will represent more than 50% of the listed company voting shares after the acquisition.

Import of Goods

The entry of Goods into any member state from outside the GCC territory in accordance with the provisions of the Unified Common Customs Law.

Disaster Recovery

Plans and activities to restore critical business functions following cyber-attacks or disruptions.

Private Equity

Investments made directly into private companies rather than publicly traded stocks.

Import of Excise Goods

The entry into Saudi Arabia of excise goods which are not subsequently placed under a custom suspension arrangement besides customs clearance and release of excise goods for import purposes in Saudi Arabia.

Estimated Prices

Estimated reference price that is established based on the market prices.

Preferred Stock

A type of stock that provides fixed dividends and has priority over common stock in the distribution of assets and in the repayment of the stock’s value upon company liquidation.

Issuance

The creation and distribution of new securities, such as bonds or stocks, to the market, typically by corporations or government entities.

Economic Reform

Changes or improvements made to the economic policies or systems to enhance efficiency, growth, and stability.

Export Subsidies

Government financial assistance to domestic firms for exporting goods, often aimed at making a country's exports more competitive internationally.

Domestic Bank Assets

Are the financial holdings, investments, and resources owned or controlled by a bank within its home country, excluding assets in foreign jurisdictions.

Control Frame (COSO)

A process, influenced by the entity's board of directors, executive management, and other individuals, that is designed to provide assurance that the entity is achieving its objectives that are related to operations, operating, reporting, and compliance with laws and regulations.

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