Your gateway to comprehensive financial knowledge with more than 2000 financial and economic terms
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Balance of Payments
A systematic statistical statement that records a country’s economic transactions with the rest of the world for a specific period, based on standardized concepts, definitions, classifications and data collection practices, in order to ensure national and international comparability.
Government Finance Statistics (GFS)
A standardized framework for collecting and presenting government financial data consistently, including revenues, expenditures, financing, assets, and liabilities, used to analyze fiscal performance, compare data across countries, and support financial and economic decision-making.
Market Research
A systematic and objective investigation of a market to gather and analyze information about its size, trends, dynamics, competition, and other relevant factors.
Gross Profit
The profit a company earns after deducting the direct costs of producing or purchasing goods or services, representing the difference between revenue and the cost of goods sold.
Market Capitalization (Market Cap)
The total value of a company's outstanding shares of stock, calculated by multiplying the share price by the number of shares.
Head of the independent body
The head or governor of an organizationally and financially independent entity such as a government agency, institution, or fund.
Debt Collection Letter
A written communication sent to a debtor to request payment for an outstanding debt, outlining the amount owed, terms, and consequences of non-payment.
Fees
Are charges or payments required for services, transactions, or the use of certain financial products, such as account maintenance fees or service charges.
Collection Fees
Collection fees (percentage) imposed by the shipping company, where overseas freight and other charges are to be collected.
Exchangeable Debt Instrument
A debt instrument whose holder has the right to exchange it for shares in a company in which the issuer of that instrument owns a number of shares equal to or greater than the number of shares that can be exchanged for the exchangeable debt instrument.
Debt Settlement
The process in which a creditor and debtor reach an agreement on the repayment or partial payment of a debt, typically involving a reduction in the total amount owed or an adjustment of payment terms to resolve the debt.
Contract Start Date
If the contract is new, the contract start date shall be the first day of its performance. If the contract already exists at the time of registration, the contract start date shall be the date of its registration on Etimad.
Expected Financial Impact
The anticipated effect on the entity's spending resulting from the realization of expenditure efficiency opportunities.
Rating Procedure
A decision made by a credit rating agency to change the credit rating or outlook of an entity or financial instrument, often impacting investor perceptions and terms.
Moderate Probability
The likelihood of an event occurring with a degree of uncertainty that falls between low and high probabilities.
Federal Reserve
The central banking system of the United States responsible for conducting monetary policy and regulating the financial industry.
Supply-Demand Unequilibrium
A market condition where supply and demand are not in equilibrium, causing price volatility.
Last Action on Disbursement Order
The last action performed on the payment order from the date it was created.
Latest Action on Financial Claim
The last action performed on the financial claim since it was created, such as verification or submission of a completion certificate.
Investment Management
Making investment decisions for non-real-estate investment funds and clients’ portfolios in circumstances involving the exercise of discretion.
Customer-Centric Risk Management
Identifying risks that could impact customer experience and satisfaction and taking the necessary arrangements to reduce or deal with it.
Listing
Listing securities on the Exchange either on the Main Market or on the Parallel Market, or, where the context permits, the application for listing.
Dividend
A payment made by a corporation to its shareholders as a portion of its earnings. It is typically distributed periodically, such as quarterly or annually.
Foreign Investment
Directing the savings of an economy in a specific geographic region to the formation or acquisition of new real capital assets within the Kingdom's economy in a specific geographic region.
Consumption
The process of using goods or resources directly in economic activities, either in production or personal consumption.
Supplier Name
The name of the entity to which the competition was awarded, as stated in the commercial registry.
Activity Name
The name of the main activity of the competition on the basis of which the bidding will be announced by the government entity.
Debit Notice
A commercial document issued by the supplier or the seller to the buyer, as a document that proves the increase in the buyer's debt due to the seller or the supplier. It is useful for the purposes of value-added tax, and the adjustment.
Government Assets
Assets owned by governmental or public entities, including tangible assets (such as land and buildings) and intangible assets (such as intellectual property rights), which are used to achieve public goals and provide services to citizens.
Illiquid Assets
Fixed assets, financial resources which are not readily realizable, or deposits not available for withdrawal within three months or less.
Ongoing Reforms
Economic policies aimed at improving structural aspects of the economy.
Endowment Fund Assets
Assets that are managed by a third party for specific objectives, and may include both monetary and non-monetary assets.
Ordinary Course of Business
A usual activity that is normal to the day to day operations of the business. Occasional or infrequent activities do not constitute an ordinary course of business.
Public Works Exempted from Competitions
Public procurement projects exempt from competitive bidding processes.
Freelance Economics
A labor market based on short-term contracts and freelance work instead of permanent jobs.
Shadow Economy
All economic activities and transactions, whether legal or illegal, that are not recorded in the official accounts or regulations of the state, and whose transactions are subject to taxation if reported.
Developing Economies
Countries facing challenges in economic growth, relying mostly on agriculture and natural resources, and dealing with issues in infrastructure, education, and healthcare.
Tax Return
The information and data specified for tax purposes and submitted by a taxable person or a person authorized to act on his behalf for each tax period in accordance with the form prescribed by the Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority.
Behavioral Economics
A field of economics that studies how psychological and emotional factors influence economic decisions.
Supply-Side Economics
An economic theory emphasizing production, investment, and tax cuts to stimulate growth.
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